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The ongoing talks of Sri Venkateswara College being dismembered from DU and shifting its affiliation to AU have been in the headlines and a cause of concern for some time now. With DUTA officially siding with the SVC staff association in their resolve against the fragmentation of Delhi University and the ongoing protests by the student body, the Democratic Teachers’ Front (DTF) as well, has released an official statement in solidarity with the fraternity of SVC, calling upon teachers and students to unitedly fight against NEP. 

DTF, in solidarity with the teachers of Sri Venkateswara College (SVC), expresses its concerns in synonymy with the latter’s protest against the attempts of the Andhra government to press for the merger of the college with Andhra University. DTF President Nandita Narain and Secretary Abha Dev Habib go on to shed light on how the excellence achieved by the college owing to it being a part of the University of Delhi (DU) must not be undermined. 

The Andhra government has made a plea to the Centre to amend the 2009 UGC order disallowing the jurisdiction of a university beyond the state by which it is established. DTF further goes on to point out how the move is driven by the host of steps taken recently as part of the government policy toolkit to acquire brand value through the ranking framework to be competitive in the market that would be determining for successful business in education. 

DU planning offshore campuses is driven by the same objective of reshaping itself as a business enterprise and has nothing to do with revamping education. The IoE scheme, which granted this freedom, for select universities had too narrow a base. The freedom to do business therefore has been extended to the management of every university and college under NEP 2020.

“This is also a forewarning of the dismemberment of colleges from Delhi University unless DU wants to make some wholly a part of itself and the college managements agree to cede powers to the BoG of Delhi University. The freedom granted to BoGs is unlikely to disallow takeovers, mergers and acquisitions.”

-Statement in Solidarity with the fraternity of SVC, DTF

Further outlining the existing laws to prevent such happenings and the effect NEP will have on them, DTF expresses its concerns on how the protections that we enjoy today from the UGC Act and DU Act from such takeovers will become a thing of the past as NEP gets rolled out. In particular, with the introduction of the provision under clause 19.2, “There shall be overarching legislation that will supersede any contravening provisions of other earlier legislation”.

In conclusion, DTF states that the Andhra Government need not plead any longer over any regulation for NEP’s “Light but Tight” regulatory framework will only require persuading the college management. The high ranking of the college will ensure such a possibility sooner than later.

“We fear that this move may be driven by and find support from the NEP recommendations to universities to have offshore campuses. The host of steps taken in the recent past as part of the Central Government policy is pushing institutions to acquire brand value through a specious ranking framework in order to be competitive in the market for edu-business.”

-Abha Dev Habib, Treasurer, DUTA

DU Beat reached out to the SVC Student Union in the same matter. The entire students and staff fraternity of SVC has been disheartened ever since the initiation of the move. The seriousness of the issue is what has brought the entire staff and students under a consensus who have been unitedly protesting against the move.

“Some prominent teachers of our college have offered to resign in case any of such development takes place. The Telugu students of our college are also not willing to get the college affiliated with AU, hence the issue of catering to the needs of Andhra students is not justified. The students, especially the first years are quite a bit disappointed with the move, and it is due to the ongoing COVID-19 protocols that we are unable to assemble inside the college campus to show our disregard. However, the students union on its part, started the protest on online platforms yesterday, and I was quite overwhelmed by the response that our struggle was addressed with.”

-Anand Devendran, Acting President, Students Union, SVC

The online Twitter storm, dated 25th February 2021 has been quite a success with students from other colleges joining in as well in large numbers. #Venky_belongs_to_DU and #VenkyIsDU have been trending ever since, thus bringing the required attention to the issue. “The level of support that we got yesterday has proved that the entire DU stands behind Venky and if the future developments are not in our favour, we will resort to physical dharna and protests. I want to reiterate that all the students and staff bodies are united against this move and we will ensure that SVC stays in DU only,” added Anand. 

 

Also read: 

https://dubeat.com/2021/02/duta-opposes-andhras-move-and-sides-with-svc-staff-association/

https://dubeat.com/2021/02/sri-venkasteswara-college-to-leave-du/

Featured Image Credits: Siksha

Annanya Chaturvedi

[email protected]

The Delhi University administration announced that they would reduce the syllabus for the freshers by 30% for them to be able to manage their studies during the lockdown. 

On 19 February 2021, Delhi University released a notification in which they announced that they would reduce 30 per cent of the syllabus for first-year students for all the courses. The reason for this which was stated in the notification was that students did not have any classroom experience and the shift from school to college in a virtual setup was tough for them.

While contacting first-year students, a sense of relief was observed amongst everyone as most of the students were very worried as to how they would be able to cope with the increasing pressure of studies while focusing on co-curricular in college as well.

“This is huge news, we weren’t totally expecting this at all!!! I am really thankful for the DU to implement this change considering the fact that adjusting to college is tough in the 1st place only and now we are in a pandemic, hence focusing on academics is getting really tough.

Anonymous Student of Hansraj College, 1st Year 

Many students were surprised about the fact that the administration went ahead and agreed to implement this change considering the fact that there was no demand from the students as such, but still, the administration went ahead and took this decision.

“I am really shocked that the DU administration went ahead and took this decision by themselves considering the fact that there was no aggressive protest made regarding this. It is really heartening to see that the DU administration is actually concerned about the well being of the students. I have never seen DU make a decision like this in my college life ever.

Anonymous Student of Miranda House, 2nd Year 

Professors are also happy with this decision as they are also finding it hard to introduce college curriculum to 1st-year students virtually and for them, this burden has been slightly reduced too.

We also contacted a professor of a distinguished college in DU as well to understand her perspective on this issue.

“I am really happy with this decision since everyone in our college’s faculty was finding it really difficult to help students adjust to the curriculum of the college. This decision by the administration has made our job much easier.”

Professor, Delhi University 

For many students and professors, this is a concern, as well as most of them, feel that the students might miss out on the curriculum which they were looking forward to studying and which might help in their studies for 2nd year.

“This is a very callous move from the administration? Have they even thought about what to remove from the syllabus and what not to? And also what about the fact that the students are being derived from the education which is their right and which they might need for the future? These are the questions which the administration seriously needs to focus upon.”

2nd Year Anonymous Student, Delhi University 

DU has officially not released any details about what should be removed from the syllabus and what should not be removed. This news has garnered mixed reaction across all the spectrums, but it is to be seen whether or not it is ultimately beneficial for the 1st year students.

Disclaimer: Disclaimer: Bazinga is our weekly column of almost believable fake news. It is only to be appreciated and not accepted.

Read also: https://dubeat.com/2020/12/bazinga-du-to-reopen-colleges-for-next-semester/

Featured Image Credits: DU Beat Archives 

Sloka Roy

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In an attempt to affiliate Sri Venkateswara college to Andhra University, Andhra CM wrote to the centre. Delhi University Teachers’ Association has released a press release in the same matter outlining its consequences and thus, opposing the move.

On February 20th, 2021, DUTA issued a press release ‘DUTA against fragmentation of Delhi University’ in response to Andhra’s request to the centre to affiliate Sri Venkateswara college to AU. DUTA President Rajib Ray and Secretary Rajinder Singh go on to express the association’s concerns for the college and how if pushed into its due course of action, the move will have “disastrous consequences for teachers, employees and students as well as the character of education” and therefore, must be opposed. 

Addressing the motives behind it, they further go on to acknowledge how the move appears to be driven by the fact that the residuary state of Andhra Pradesh lost several premier educational institutions to Telangana post bifurcation alongwith the founding idea of catering to the needs of Telugu-speaking students in Delhi. 

The Andhra government has also claimed that the foundation has been making grants for the enhancement of the college and its guidance and combined efforts have played a considerable role in the high ranking achieved by the college. Therefore, a plea has been made to the Centre to amend the 2009 UGC order disallowing state governments from establishing off-campus of a state university beyond the geographical boundaries of the state.

DUTA goes on to express how the reasons mentioned above are not sufficient to dismember the college from DU, taking into account the fact that a large part of the reason of Sri Venkateswara college being in top NIRF rankings today comes from it, being a part of DU. The crowd of students and faculty that it attracts is because it has been affiliated with Delhi University and has, therefore, always strived for excellence. 

“In making this plea, the Andhra Government is ignoring the fact that SVC has established itself as a premier institution within the framework of Delhi University. As part of a Central University, it is open to all students including those from Andhra Pradesh. The heterogeneity in terms of the student population has created the environment for achieving excellence. As part of DU, it has been able to attract the best academicians as faculty.”

-DUTA Press Release, 20.02.2021

Thus, DUTA has made its stance clear in standing alongside the SVC staff association in their resolve to oppose the move. 

Adding on, the press release also outlines DUTA’s concerns pertaining to the move being driven by and finding support in NEP recommendations to universities to have offshore campuses. “The host of steps taken in the recent past as part of the Central Government policy is pushing institutions to acquire brand value through a specious ranking framework in order to be competitive in the market for edu-business.”

Featured Image Credits: lokmat

Annanya Chaturvedi

[email protected]

f 2020 wasn’t a reminder enough, read on to know why love is so much more than its two-dimensional V-Day’s interpretation and deserves to be celebrated beyond it.

A Roman priest, Hindu College’s infamous ‘Damdami Mai,’ and Archies’ busiest days of the year all have one thing in common – Valentine’s Day! Like every holiday involving greeting cards, it’s- heteronormative, commercial, and reeks of privilege. But it doesn’t necessarily have to be so.

In a pre-pandemic world, most students would have confessed that it is hard to take a break and spend time with those you love, and the pandemic has done a great job of making people grateful for their friendships and relationships. However, some of us won’t need much time to fall back to our old ways – only hoping and wishing for some time to ourselves, or with the people, we really want to be with, rather than actually making it happen.

The hectic schedule of online classes, coupled with regular society ‘meetings,’ and the never-ending burden of internals and assignments add to the monotonous cycle of weeks passing by (did we even realise that January 2020 is already over?!). Before another semester passes by under the garb of binge-watching and mindless scrolling, it might be a good idea to make use of this Valentine’s Day to finally get that self-care session done after a long day of online classes or plan an open-air picnic with friends or family who you’ve been dying to meet since March last year (celebrate responsibly in COVID times).

For us, students, this time of the year is ideal to get on the bandwagon of Valentine’s Day-derivative holidays that are springing up all over the place, without necessarily subverting the traditional connotations of the day – celebrating a “Palentine’s Day” where you get together with friends to cook and eat your favourite food or “Galentine’s Day” for an all gal-pal trip to your favourite hangout spot. These may seem frivolous at the outset, but trying out new recipes or revisiting old memories with your friends outside of your Instagram story archives can be a great way to spend the ‘day of love.’

Having fun and enjoying yourself shouldn’t start and end on a day and can definitely be done in your own company. This V-Day, have a dose of self-affirmation and make it a point to pledge a few minutes of each day towards your health and well-being. This can be something as simple as spending a few moments being grateful and counting your blessings, or penning down your thoughts at the end of each day, or even starting a guided meditation routine. Start with something small that you think will make the next day a little better for you to take on.

Last but not least, remember that at the end of the day…this is just a day. Characterised by all the media brainwashing, the hyper-romantic portrayals, and the clichéd notions of love — bear in mind, that it is far from the reality of celebration of love. Make the most of the time on your hand to do something that you would truly enjoy and not something you’re made to think you’ll enjoy.

Read also: https://dubeat.com/2020/04/editorial-dealing-with-uncertainty-during-covid-19/

Bhavya Pandey

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Nationalism. The word reminds me of everything the nation stands for – the struggle that each martyr in the form of nationalists, protestors, and activists, has gone through for this country to get where we are today. It reminds me of artists like Faiz who sing of protest in their poetry: “bol ki lab azad hai tere” and activists like Hany Babu who continue to sing their songs of freedom. The flag then becomes a symbol of, not only the martyrdom, but the resistance against tyranny to uphold the country’s right ideals – a sovereign socialist secular democratic republic.

The revival of regressive forces has threatened the existence of Dalits, tribals, and minorities. With scant respect for democratic institutions and the Constitution, they seek to impose a crude exhibitionist form of nationalism. Patriotism is every citizen’s call of the soul. It’s not imposed, it’s a natural instinct.

– Kamala Shankar, 52

Nationalism or rashtravaad implies one’s loyalty towards their country or the sheer feeling of their devotion for the state surpassing any individual or collective interests. Patriotism refers to the love of one’s country, their unique identification and sense of attachment to the citizens sharing the same sentiment. 

The pertinent question, then remains – when did nationalism start to imply love for the state or one’s government contrary to the love for one’s country? The dichotomies. The left-wing and the right-wing. Wokeness and ignorance. Facts and trolls. Duty and privilege. Where does it all end? 

Conservatism or roodhivaad refers to upholding and promoting the tenets of traditional institutions and value-based systems, assuming that change is a gradual process and stability must remain intact. Chauvinism refers to the belief in the dominance of one’s own group or people; it can also be closely linked with xenophobia or inducing fear of the ‘other’ among the masses. 

What then becomes imperative to understand is that one should refrain from gradually substituting the former with the latter. Nationalism, in its definition, is not vague but the blurring of boundaries takes root from xenophobia and hate speech. Declaring someone as an ‘anti-national’ has become as convenient as saying that nationalism in itself, both as an ideology and as a sentiment, remains exclusive. The mainstream nationalism is associated with a certain section of the society– the savarna upper-middle class male. If this holds true, then it all comes down to the point where you should ask yourself if you’re privileged enough to be a nationalist. As long as it doesn’t affect you, it becomes rather convenient believing or having faith in the mainstream media and WhatsApp University. But what does one do when it starts affecting their lives, their culture, their beliefs, and most importantly, their livelihoods? 

If you are secular, you are anti-national. If you are secular, you are speaking the language of Pakistan. If you are secular, your patriotism is in question.

– P Chidambaram, Senior Congress leader

Dissent is equated with being anti-national and anti-Hindu. What the bigots fail to understand is that the ‘anti-national’s’ fight and struggle is not that of sovereignty but an attempt to hold on to their livelihoods. Thomas Jefferson said “When injustice becomes law, resistance becomes duty.” But to utter dismay, protestors in this country are labelled as “ignorant Khalistanis” or “jihadis” or even “terrorists”, causing public inconvenience while a tyrant or the oppressor continues to be the hero. Rabindranath Tagore in his letter to A.M. Bose in 1908 wrote that “patriotism cannot be our final spiritual shelter. I will not buy glass for the price of diamonds and I will never allow patriotism to triumph over humanity as long as I live”. 

There is nothing wrong with having faith in the state’s rules and policies until the devotion transforms into obedience, thus ushering bhakti into politics. As one of the warnings posed by Ambedkar in his last speech to the constituent assembly, “Bhakti in religion may be a road to the salvation of the soul. But in politics, Bhakti or hero-worship is a sure road to degradation and to eventual dictatorship.” From a libertarian perspective, as long as the nation’s policies are meant to empower its people, and not the ones drafting it, we are in safe hands. But the moment it starts hurting socio-political, cultural, and religious sentiments of a particular community, it’s headed towards fascism or an oppressionist rule. 

Bhakti in religion may be a road to the salvation of the soul. But in politics, Bhakti or hero-worship is a sure road to degradation and to eventual dictatorship.

– Ambedkar

Spreading hate speech and inducing fear in the minds of such dissenters, then, just becomes a desperate attempt to silence anyone and everyone who comes in the way of upholding the intricacies of this supposed normalcy. 

@fayedsouza’s post from the events of 26 January, 2021

Within the bounds of law, liberal democracies ensure that citizens enjoy the right to express themselves in every conceivable manner, including the right to protest, and express dissent against prevailing laws. The blanket labelling of dissent as anti national or antidemocratic strikes at the heart of our commitment of the protection of constitutional values and promotion of a deliberative democracy.

– Justice Chandrachud, during a talk at the Gujarat High Court auditorium in Ahmedabad.

The nation has gradually managed to blur the notions of secularism and democracy in an attempt to homogenise the nation into a single identity to ultimately become a majoritarian rule. It’s time to block the dogma and let in the notions of liberalism or respect for each other’s opinions by indulging in constructive debates and criticism of the state’s rules and policies, thus inculcating the right kind of patriotism in promotion of inclusivity and sovereignty that present-day India should inherit. 

Featured Image Credits: Pariplab Chakraborty (@pariplab_chakraborty)

Annanya Chaturvedi
[email protected]

Ten years down the line, looking back to these days, what will we remember? Countless memes on the internet foreshadow that 2020 would be a landmark year in future history textbooks and that we are living through historical events. Maybe, we are. But who is to say what actually makes history? 

I am not denying that the countless memorable events in the past year are historical. Instead, I am attempting to focus on how this history is being narrativized. Who are the people appearing in it? What are those names and dates that will come in History Tests to write short notes on?

Most of us will have different answers. What makes those answers different is our personal attribution to those specific events, dates, people, and our own individual experiences. Many of us are staunch followers of the social distancing protocol, some are vacationing, some face severe symptoms of the CoronaVirus, some don’t even feel that they have it, while millions are losing their lives. Some are still pondering new ways to work or study from home; many lost their jobs, while a majority were walking back to their hometowns just to not starve.

Our experiences of the previous year are layered with social, economic, psychological, cultural, and religious angles. And it’s highly unlikely that all our very different, individual, and emotional experiences would be remembered. Maybe a few memoirs make it through, a few exceptional pieces of writings, fictional or otherwise create a stir to emphasize the individuality of history. But, what always makes the cut is the collective history.

The epiphany of the fact that we all would end up being just numbers of statistical data used to research the long-lasting biological or economic effects of the pandemic makes one realize that even the history we study is marred with overshadowing of the collective over personal. It makes me wonder who were the countless and nameless ‘Yous’ and ‘Mes’ during the era of Independence, or how the lives of people were affected by the welcoming of the Indian Constitution in 1951. Everything – history and the process of its narrativization – is political. Our past, its idealization, the nostalgia of a greater or a more democratic, more traditional, more ‘Indian’ India, might as well be a shadow of an era full of countless people with their sufferings forgotten.

On 26th January, the Indian population watches the parade, celebrates, and takes pride in the legacy of our Democracy and its Constitution. Maybe, this year after living through these countless ‘Historical Events’ we can understand that taking history on its prima facie is honestly a lie. History is refined. It is filtered and cleaned, which when looked upon with a magnifying glass reveals all its gaps and flaws. And let’s face it, only a handful of us try to make attempts to look at this history more closely and fill these gaps. The rest just sip a cup of chai, read obnoxious WhatsApp historical facts aloud like it is the Holy Bible, and take pride in chest-thumping nationalistic pledges, not realizing that, just like we are erasing a part of that past, we are simultaneously being erased in the future’s past.

Read also: An Epicureanist Appraisal of the Year Past- What I Learnt From 2020: Ignorance Can Be Bliss

Feature Image Credits: Fine Art America

Sakshi Arora 

[email protected]

Delhi University released an official circular which makes it compulsory for colleges to hold online cultural fests.

On 16th January 2021, University of Delhi (DU) released an official circular on its website which stated that it was mandatory for all colleges to hold cultural fests online. The decision has come as a relief to a lot of students who were drowning in sadness because of COVID-19 that severely hampered the conduct of fests.

January-February every year marks the fest season in DU. All the colleges get illuminated with zeal, excitement and thrill. One usually encounters crowds everywhere with students moving from one college to another to attend consecutive fests. However, the pandemic seems to have entirely changed the fest landscape of DU. DU Beat spoke to a few students across DU via virtual means, to capture their reaction towards the latest DU decision.

“I feel that it’s absolutely a valid and welcoming decision. Although I completely stand by the fact that offline fests with food and artists whom you can see closely from stage can’t replace a virtual fest. I still applaud the fact that DU has tried to do something in the arena of entertainment for its students.”

Anonymous, student, Delhi University

The detailed notice of DU has outlined a couple of guidelines and general points that the students will have to follow while attending the online fests. One such outstanding instruction was that students would not be allowed to call their friends and gather in one place to watch the performance of artists. This has been supposedly done to avoid direct physical contacts. Similarly, the DU administration stated that the consumption of alcoholic beverages like whiskey, beer, etc. would be strictly prohibited.

To keep a check on the same, DU has made it mandatory for everyone to keep their cameras open. Students can only keep snacks or soft drinks with them while watching. As far as performances are concerned, DU hasn’t provided any clarity on the same. But reports suggest that all the regular artists like Guru Randhawa, Jass Manak, Zubin Nautiyal etc. would not be invited this time.

” As a 3rd-year student, I do welcome the decision of DU but I am still disappointed because this was our last fest season and I thought I would attend it with my friends. Moreover, the guidelines by DU are also quite strict and I am apprehensive as to how will I enjoy it if I can’t get together with my friends.”

Anonymous, student Delhi University

DU is currently working on fixing the logistical issues with regards to conducting the fest smoothly because apps like Zoom and Google Meet only have a fixed capacity to accommodate students. As per reports, the university has conveyed it to individual colleges to conduct the fests by combining 2-3 departments to accommodate all students.

Thus, only small scale artists would be invited this time, which in turn has proven to be a welcome change. This time however one would miss the Khan Chacha food stalls that one encountered in offline DU fests, or the antique item stalls that would be flooded by students. It’s absolutely thrilling to imagine the idea of an online fest and it would be more welcoming to see how successful DU becomes in making it a smooth sail.

Stay tuned with DU Beat for latest news about DU!

Disclaimer: Disclaimer: Bazinga is our weekly column of almost believable fake news. It is only to be appreciated and not accepted.

Read also: https://dubeat.com/2020/12/bazinga-du-to-reopen-colleges-for-next-semester/

Featured Image Credits: DU Beat Archives

Navneet Kaur

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Joking about our personal trauma has always been a preferred coping mechanism, but one that comes at a hefty cost. Read further to see how comedy becomes a cruelty.

People have always used dark humour to mitigate their suffering. On one hand, it’s a commendable effort. Jokes can potentially be a tool for opening up dialogue around difficult topics in a non-confrontational way. If you make a self-deprecating joke at the family dinner, nobody has to take it too seriously. People just let out a chuckle, pass the salt and move on. In that way, jokes can help people regain their agencies by allowing them to share pain without causing instant alarm to those around them. Jokes – at the cost of your pain – can actually be a breathing space, a port in a storm, a place of safekeeping. Who isn’t guilty of this?

self deprecating comedy
credits: Medium

I have used jokes to talk about uncomfortable topics. Problems with sexuality, eating disorders, death of a close friend, domestic toxicity, sexual assault – all of this hurt has been turned into comic matter at some point. When I present such weighty information as a throwaway joke, what it does is ease the tension for my audience and, in turn, myself. It defuses the glare of human suffering – one that can seem too straightforward to be bearable – and makes it so.

 “…if you slit your wrists while winking – does that make it a joke?” Hera Lindsay Bird asks in one of her poems. The question is this: How long can human pain be sold off as comic matter before it gets unavoidably cheapened, diminished, impossible to talk about without the suggestion of self-ridicule and inhuman nonchalance? How long before comedy becomes cruelty? In our time, it is an admittedly common tendency to stage mockeries of our pain. Or more simply, to humorize it. It seems to be a generational quirk, pooled by most Gen-Zs and late Millennials that generally unnerves anyone who is not classified in this core demographic.

self deprecating comedy
credits: MEME

But here’s the thing: when you continually joke about personal issues, it can eventually become difficult to give them a serious treatment. After a point, this can translate into interpersonal relationships where you don’t know how to console someone because you never did it for yourself. Always joking about stuff can make you anaesthetised to it, disallowing any possibility for sincere expression. This can attack one’s humanness – the very ability to connect through which one can subsequently manage their personal suffering.

David Foster Wallace, the American writer, talked about this exact lack of human sincerity in the postmodern era, where irony had overridden sincere expression. This has been effectively rendered in the 1975 – the British indie-pop band – song, Sincerity is Scary, where Matty Healy sings: And irony’s okay/I suppose culture is to blame, you try and mask your pain/In the most postmodern way’.  Of course, joking about your pain is a good thing, as discussed earlier, if channelled in moderation. But it rarely is. If you’re self-harming next to your friend and both of you laugh it off as a messed up quirk, is that funny? If your friend hasn’t had a full meal in six days, is her admittedly witty pun about anorexia still rib-tickling stuff?

matty Healy
Credits: Pinterest

Deriving cues from the dominant culture, people have, over time, adapted their own coping mechanisms, and have ways of dealing with their personal trauma. (This calls for a cultural/ideological shift more than individual reform.) We need to respect people’s boundaries and let them share their pain however they want, if at all. But at the same time, we need to let people know that there is a conceivable scenario where sensitive information may be disclosed without being reduced to comic substance. In an archived essay titled, ‘Traumatic Comedy and Comic Trauma’ on the website Rookie (read here), Bethany Rose Lamont talks about Hannah Gadsby’s Netflix special, Nanette, in the following words:

This work is a conscious contradiction of the comic, as Gadsby begins with typically self-deprecating jokes, follows them with a deconstruction of the art and entertainment worlds’ histories of abuse and oppression, then retells those same jokes as stories of trauma, then disavows comedy as a way to relieve audiences of the tension that accompanies hearing about someone else’s trauma, abuse, and oppression. She wants to stop rewriting her own history as a joke. She hopes the audience will feel her pain, not laugh at it. She concludes by arguing that “laughter is not our medicine. Stories hold our cure.

Maybe we can all benefit from being thoughtful storytellers of our pain, and not the ad-libbed comics we think we are. One must learn to treat their pain with openness, gradation, and subjectivity it very much deserves. I think, in the end, comedy does not necessarily make pain more comfortable – only somewhat laughable. But the gags choke out on their running time; the pangs, yet, go on.  After a point, you have to ask yourself – who’s laughing? So, I think the attempt should not be directed at humorizing our suffering, but rather humanizing it, and therein lies our recovery. But haha…. I’m jk… unless?

Read also: 

Featured Image Credits: Giphy

Sushrut Yadav

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This article attempts to explain the various mechanisms through which we develop or form an attitude that influences our behaviour.

In school, I never did well in Accounts. I always scored low and would constantly look for excuses to skip class. My teacher, on entering the class, would shut all doors and windows, throw punishments around like confetti, and bang the duster on the table very loudly. I didn’t like them. By the principle of association, I developed a dislike for the subject because I disliked the teacher. Thus, I associated the negative qualities of the teacher with the subject they taught.

Similarly, I’m sure you can think about one subject you always liked, just because you liked the teacher. The positive association will lead to a positive attitude and a negative association will lead to a negative attitude.

What are attitudes? Psychologists define attitude as a state of mind, a set of features, or thoughts about a subject that has an evaluative feature. They are lasting evaluations of various aspects of the social world that are stored in memory. This can include evaluations of people, issues, objects, or events. Such evaluations are often positive or negative, but they can also be uncertain.

This also plays out quite unmistakeably during election season in our country. Our attitudes are developed first, by associating cues and heuristics to a prominent figure and second, by associating the prominent figure to the party itself.

Here’s a hypothetical marketing strategy- link mass-appealing qualities (like honesty, ‘nationalism’, etc) to a particular person via media and advertising campaigns and make them the face of your party. Then, contest all elections on their name, such that the voters feel like they’re voting for that particular person, rather than the other candidates of the party.

At the same time, find a way to label and present your opponents as ‘corrupt’ or ‘anti-national’ and you’ve got a victory at your hands; because while it is tempting to think of attitudes as rigid, fully considered evaluations, that may not always be the case.

Factors affecting attitude formation.
Image credits: Verywell Mind

If an individual is praised or rewarded for exhibiting a particular attitude, chances are high that they may further develop it. Perhaps this why our religious inclinations are often the same as our parents’ because questioning certain practices are often viewed as stupidity or rebellion and not given much attention.

Reward or punishment increase or decrease the further development of an attitude. Consider this case- If a person involved in an open firing in a civil protest were to be given a party ticket, this would serve as a reward or positive reinforcement. This would encourage them to further develop and exhibit their hostile attitude. However, if they were to be fired and brought to justice, this would serve as a punishment and discourage them from further developing and exhibiting this attitude.

Sometimes, attitudes are developed by observing others being rewarded or punished for expressing thoughts or showing behaviour or a particular kind towards the subject. Per my previous example, rewarding the said person would encourage hostile attitudes in us, while punishing them would discourage it.

Over time, social norms may become a part of our social thinking patterns, in the form of attitude. A classic example here is that offering money, sweets, fruits, and flowers in a place of worship is normative behaviour in certain religions. When we see that such behaviour is socially accepted and approved, we may ultimately develop a positive attitude towards it and practice it ourselves. We can also develop a positive attitude towards those who practice such behaviour.

For example, we have been taught that feeding the hungry is an appreciable virtue. Thus, we often find our leaders tweeting and Instagramming their ‘lunch with the poor’ photos. Now, change the narrative here to: give a man a fish, and you’ll feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you’ve fed him for a lifetime; you will find the same leaders criticizing their opposition for doing what had previously done. Here, the issue isn’t about who is right and who is wrong. What you need to look at here is how narratives based on a target audience are formulated to influence their attitude formation.

Many attitudes are learned in a social context individually, i.e., without the necessary physical presence of the others. Huge amounts of information provided through various mediums lead to the formation of both positive and negative attitudes. Remember the fake news phenomenon and how it has blurred the lines between propaganda and information?

From discrediting political leaders to misreporting historical facts to promoting biases, the fake news creators have done it all. If your best friend tells you that her neighbour is a mean person, you are most likely to believe this information without fact-checking. Thus, you will develop a negative attitude towards the neighbour. Now, imagine this situation magnified to a worldwide scale. How often do we care enough to fact check before forming opinions and attitudes?

But why do we develop certain attitudes? According to Firebrand Marketing- “Researchers have suggested that attitudes form for four primary reasons:

Utilitarian-

We tend to form positive attitudes towards things that lead to perceived gains and negative attitudes to things we perceive as a loss. “I like sushi because it’s healthy; I don’t like soda since it’s fattening and rots my teeth.”

Knowledge –

Attitudes help us make sense of the world around us by giving us a framework to evaluate it. So, in our store example above, when faced with lots of shops to choose from, we orient towards the one we had a good experience before.

Value-Expressive –

We form attitudes that reflect our values or which reflect those of our social set. “Sporty tech adopters like me wear Apple Watches, therefore I like Apple Watches.” Of note here is that we may actually have no personal experience of Apple Watches or even really like them, but because they reflect the attitudes of our peer group, we adopt the same view.

Ego-Defensive –

We adopt an attitude to save ourselves from anything which threatens our ego or sense of self-worth. “Sporty Apple-Watch-wearing tech adopters like me don’t eat at Taco Bell or shop in K-Mart.” It just doesn’t fit our self-image so we form an attitude against those brands even though we may have no experience of them.”

Once formed, these attitudes influence our behaviour. They can also make it easy to predict our behaviour. Marketers have used these principles to positively influence our attitudes towards their products and services. If we understand how and why our attitudes develop, we can avoid this influence and the subsequent trap it might lead us to.

Read also: https://dubeat.com/2016/04/difference-in-attitudes-towards-exams-during-various-semesters/

Featured Image Credits: Creative Bloq

Featured Image Caption: Huge amounts of information provided through various mediums lead to the formation of both positive and negative attitudes.

Kashvi Raj Singh

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A note on how pictures became a form of emotional sustenance during the lockdown. 

As someone who avoided mirrors like the plague, I always hated the camera too. Or more accurately, I didn’t like being the subject of its attention. Being captured, memorialized at an unsuspecting angle, mid-action, mid-ordinariness, I hated that. My mouth chewing into a saucy burrito. My curved spine, ugly as a teeming cross-section. Who would want that? Susan Sontag once said that to photograph someone was to violate them, by seeing them as they never see themselves. She termed it a “subliminal murder”, which is admittedly overspent, but you understand the emotion.

Today, the world runs on the idiomatic wisdom of ‘pics or it didn’t happen’. In such an arrangement, I lead more of a non-existence as someone who rarely appears in pictures. I’m the unoccupied space in family pictures, yearbook panoramas, and friends’ selfies. Instead, I live on anecdotal submissions – memories and testaments. I would be lying if I said I did not assume a nip of moral superiority for not relying on the lens. Living in the moment, as it goes. But then sometimes, the moment is gone. You see the world stopping like never before. A global pandemic induces a complete lockdown. Whoosh. Life takes an indefinite halt.

The worst thing about sudden disasters is the successive loss of imagination. A sad person – more often than not – is sad because they cannot imagine an alternate reality, a happier one. Say, a person grieving the death of a lifelong spouse cannot picture a life where they may possibly survive without the missing person. Sometimes, a cue is needed. Two months into the lockdown, I was bent out of shape. Isolation, mitigated by laptop screens and long-distance calls, had taken its toll on me. Then three months passed, four, five, six. Life felt like it had little meaning, and I couldn’t remember if it had any to begin with. It felt like being entombed in a nightmare. A Groundhog Day nightmare. I remembered laughing with my friends on a sunshiny day out on the college campus or the weird joy of riding the Metro; but it was mostly spectral and – after half a year of staying at home – quite unbelievable. A sort of disassociation took over.

friends chilling
(My friends, hanging out)

Until one day I was bored and decided to filter through my camera roll. Pictures are evidence. Proofs. Testimonials. Archives. And so, I found pictures – relatively commonplace – of my friend sitting in the Ramjas lawns, having his last-ditch try at an overdue assignment, or another close-up of two conjoined masala chais next to the flared end of a Parliament. I felt instantly perked up. There were, as I was happy to find out, many more such ordinary pictures. Accidental shots taken on the Metro; pictures of silhouettes on the concrete walkway; my friends sitting in a spring garden; and more…

Most of these photographs channeled a positive feeling, a friendly hope. They were like curio relics. Museum displays. A thousand hopes, multiplying into the brain. In lockdown, photographs became that very cue (illustrated earlier) for so many people in total isolation. A photograph, however simple, was the reminder of what it once was, and hopefully, what it will eventually return to. It became a source of emotional sustenance, as it had been historically for people alienated during wartime. As 2021 starts, I am beginning to like the camera, and thinking of taking more pictures, just to save them for a rainy day.

pictures
“This is a small hut which I cross everyday on my way to the metro station. Last night I saw they had decorated it for Diwali and I thought it was absolutely beautiful. When I told the dwellers about it and asked if I could click a picture, one of them started blushing and both were beyond happy and just as proud of themselves. It made my day.” – Aditi Gutgutia, Second Year, LSR 

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Featured Image Credits: Tumblr

Sushrut Yadav

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