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Following the recent events, we tried to locate what language our nation speaks—of hate or of Mir?

“I knew that language is the most private and yet most public things.” – Arundhati Roy, In What Language Does Rain Fall Over Tormented Cities?

What language do we speak altogether, collectively as a nation? 780, or the ones actually recognised? Of love or of hate? Do we even speak together, ever?

I learned in my history class about imagined communities. Are we just one true imagination that exists with all its hypocrisies with just one name that binds us together? The peculiar curiosity about your identity starts somewhere around our age only, I think India never got out of that phase, she is still trudging the path of curiosity to know all about it.

Being trilingual, I get how difficult it can be to brainstorm with three words meaning something somewhat similar but never the exact same. How does India manage with so many? We read about diversity since first grade. In the language, I read it, “Anekta mei ekta.” At times, I think her diversity could never get out of this essay. It tried and tried, but it was such a high pedestal that returning was never an option, but we found out her invisibility on the streets at times, for we all read or maybe heard it – India: A Land of Diversities.

But whose language does India actually speak? Of Ghalib or of those who went rallying against Fab India when it named its Diwali Collection Jashn-e-Riwaaz, which loosely translates into a celebration of tradition.

The social media went mad with hails of ‘NO Abrahaminsation of Hindu Festivals’. And amidst this, a Markazi Khayal came to me that what word could we substitute for Khyal in Kabhi Kabhi mere dil mei Khayal aata hai? Or maybe what would we substitute when the people actually discover that the words Hindi, Hindu and Hindostan are from Persian Arabic? Did I miss a class of Language partition when the words of Urdu casually entered the conversations and even a bit of Shudh Hindi found its place with slang from the local dialect?

The Partition happened when, during the British era, the Hindustani language broke up into Hindi and Urdu, and since then, the graph has been up and down with the ‘language’ that we decide to speak publicly, sometimes of hate and sometimes of mir.

According to a research paper about the decline of Urdu sounds,

First, the decline of Urdu sounds began in the 1990s, which marks the rise of the Hindutva politics and the beginning of the mushrooming of cable television networks.”

So, this is the language I have been referring to the language that the current hegemony chooses to speak.

A good thing about Grammarly is that you can set the tone of language that you want to deliver your content in, and it rectifies the words accordingly. What would the tone be when people don’t let Munawwar Faruqui perform in Goa for 500 people would set themselves on fire. The organisers received threats from several Hindutva groups, and shows in Raipur, Surat, Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Mumbai had to be cancelled. Munawwar was also arrested for a joke he did not tell, and the apex court that granted him release said the tone of the FIR was vague and no apparent reason for his arrest.

Clearly, the cancel culture in our country goes a different way, where the dominant group shuns the language that it does not want to hear, be it just the name of the collection, an advertisement that talks of love bonds, or anything that might prick the forces of Hindutva. Who will be the next Kaifi saheb, perhaps Ghalib or the true sense of diversity that we talked about on pages?

Although Hindi’s victory has been a resounding one, it does not seem to have entirely allayed its keepers’ anxieties. Perhaps that’s because their enemies are dead poets who have a habit of refusing to really die.” – Arundhati Roy, In What Language Does Rain Fall Over Tormented Cities? 

There is a linguistic relativity hypothesis that says our language shapes our thought, and Arundhati writes in her essay that a country’s public language is its own public imagination. So, the next time you say ‘ye Ishq nahīñ āsāñ itnā hī samajh liije ik aag kā dariyā hai aur Duub ke jaanā hai’ know that in the current context it literally applies to the word Ishq for someday people might take offence for its existence because of its source.

All this is to say that we in India live and work (and write) in a complicated land, in which nothing is or ever will be settled. Especially not the question of language. Languages.” – Arundhati Roy, In What Language Does Rain Fall Over Tormented Cities? 

Kashish Shivani

[email protected] 

Art has poured its fervour into the struggle for independence and continues to shape the struggle for the reclamation of Azaadi in post-independent India in continuation with its tussle with censorship

Throughout the years the call for Revolution and Azaadi has been infused with various art forms. Be it lines of poetry or the dead silence on the faces of actors, Art has always been the medium to convey the turmoil that boils within. Indian People’s Theatre Association, IPTA and Progressive writers adopted the bravado to speak for the unheard in times of independence struggle. 

The power that these bare words encompass is beyond any hegemony, which is the reason why Art is the first to be censored whenever any establishment fears downfall. Dinkar’s direct attack on the then Prime Minister, Jawahar Lal Nehru shocked the entire nation. Ramdhari Singh Dinkar’s act of reading those four lines in the Parliament to criticise Nehru remains one of the most revolutionary acts. 

Safdar Hashmi’s murder, Sultan Majroohpuri’s arrest, the defacement of paintings from the CAA protest sites and many such incidents tell the tale of how revolutionary Art drives the course of change and thus trembles the pillars of hegemony.  

Saadat Hasan Manto was censored in his age of writing and what’s peculiar is that censorship in the age of the 21st century isn’t leaving his side. After the genocidal sloganeering on Sunday at Jantar Mantar, a post was doing rounds on Instagram. The post had lines from the movie Manto (2018) where Saadat Hasan says, “He is Muslim enough to be killed”, depicting the Islamophobic scenario. Instagram found this to be against its community guidelines and removed this post uploaded by @con.scientizacao. Meanwhile, the slogans asking for genocide remain on various pages. 

“If you cannot bear these stories then the society is unbearable. Who am I to remove the clothes of this society, which itself is naked.”

-Manto

 These are not just bland phrases that promise good days ahead while hollowness shrieks from inside them. These are the cries of the turbulence stated barely, set in the beauty of expressions.

The words of Pash, Faiz, Dushyant Kumar, Kaifi Saheb and many others still resonate with the masses. Is it because of the immortality of those words or our struggles have not really evolved?

As the words of Habib Jalib and Majrooh Sultanpuri continue to tell thousands of stories of their age encompassed in them, we can hope that ours too will live on to tell about the people who stood in the face of the odds. People who questioned the essence of Azaadi and rightfully demanded it. We hope the words and art of Amir Aziz, Satish Acharya, Varun Grover and various other artists keep speaking for the deliberately silenced.  

These words from Dushyant Kumar, truly depict the role of Art in organising, agitating and leading people towards the path of change and not merely giving up in the face of the oppressor.

Meri Zubaan se nikali to sirf Nazm bani, tumhare haath mei aai to ek mashaal hui.

Featured Image Credits – Mir Suhail 

Kashish Shivani

[email protected]

DU Beat’s Sex Amma column started off as an anonymous advice column for students delving into college life and exploring their sexuality and identity. It was a column meant to facilitate a conversation on something normal, but so often frowned upon. It was supposed to be a safe space for students to discuss personal issues and educate readers about topics considered taboo with people their own age, with no fear of judgment or assumption. And for the past 13 years, has continually been so.

Criticism and feedback are what keeps a public forum relevant. DU Beat is where it is today because of a combined effort of the team as well as our viewers and audience that makes us, us. A column that had started with good intentions – in an attempt to tackle serious and important issues in an accessible, easy and humorous manner – ended up derailing from its original goal, and turned into something that goes against some of the main principles of DU Beat – clarity, facts, and most of all, respect.

We firmly believe that talks about sex and sexuality, especially in a society that outlaws them as much as ours does, is extremely important, and thus, should continue. After reading the feedback provided by Amal Mathew’s article for the LiveWire, we took the author’s comments into consideration and realised that it was coming from a valid place. We took a long, hard look at ourselves and, as is our duty, decided to course correct.

The misplaced use of words and analogies to describe something as natural and intrinsic as sex can misinform and confuse readers – an end result that is far from our intention. We never meant to showcase disrespect or disregard for any community, and for the hurt caused, we would like to humbly apologise. Our leadership is committed to making our platform a place where everyone feels respected and valid, and we shall be taking active steps to right our errors.

The main points raised in the article were:

  1. Sex Amma’s content contains misplaced words and descriptors that can confuse readers – the food analogies were specifically called out.
  2. Sex Amma’s content uses culturally insensitive tropes and language to talk about sex.

Here are the redressal steps that our editorial team will be committing to:

  1. We shall work to provide clear and unambiguous language when discussing and educating our readers about sex. We realize that while the food analogies were written with the aim to amuse, they can be misinterpreted and confuse the reader. Therefore, we will be rethinking the manner in which Sex Amma offers advice and do away with the using of food as an indicator for certain body parts.
  2. Food and cuisine are extremely important aspects of our identity; we realize that using these as analogies can come across as distasteful, even though that was not our intent. Moving forward, the editorial team shall do away with using culturally significant descriptors and language, and work harder to make our content more inclusive and accessible.

We hope to ensure that Sex Amma is a column that provides a space for talks about sex and sexuality with no disrespect. Though these steps might be belated, we are fully committed to correcting our mistakes.

Sex Amma, ultimately, is a character created as a progressive, strong woman who is not afraid to talk about sexual health. Female sexuality is often frowned upon, but Amma is unabashed and here to help the students of DU without judgement or condescension. We will ensure that with the help of these steps, Sex Amma, as a column, goes back to what it was originally meant to be – a column to educate our readers about traditionally censored topics and experiences.

Shreya Juyal

Editor-in-Chief

[email protected]

DU Beat’s Sex Amma column started off as an anonymous advice column for students delving into college life and exploring their sexuality and identity. It was a column meant to facilitate a conversation on something normal, but so often frowned upon. It was supposed to be a safe space for students to discuss personal issues and educate readers about topics considered taboo with people their own age, with no fear of judgment or assumption. And for the past 13 years, has continually been so.

Criticism and feedback are what keeps a public forum relevant. DU Beat is where it is today because of a combined effort of the team as well as our viewers and audience that makes us, us. A column that had started with good intentions – in an attempt to tackle serious and important issues in an accessible, easy and humorous manner – ended up derailing from its original goal, and turned into something that goes against some of the main principles of DU Beat – clarity, facts, and most of all, respect.

We firmly believe that talks about sex and sexuality, especially in a society that outlaws them as much as ours does, is extremely important, and thus, should continue. After reading the feedback provided by Amal Mathew’s article for the LiveWire, we took the author’s comments into consideration and realised that it was coming from a valid place. We took a long, hard look at ourselves and, as is our duty, decided to course correct.

The misplaced use of words and analogies to describe something as natural and intrinsic as sex can misinform and confuse readers – an end result that is far from our intention. We never meant to showcase disrespect or disregard for any community, and for the hurt caused, we would like to humbly apologise. Our leadership is committed to making our platform a place where everyone feels respected and valid, and we shall be taking active steps to right our errors.

The main points raised in the article were:

  1. Sex Amma’s content contains misplaced words and descriptors that can confuse readers – the food analogies were specifically called out.
  2. Sex Amma’s content uses culturally insensitive tropes and language to talk about sex.

Here are the redressal steps that our editorial team will be committing to:

  1. We shall work to provide clear and unambiguous language when discussing and educating our readers about sex. We realize that while the food analogies were written with the aim to amuse, they can be misinterpreted and confuse the reader. Therefore, we will be rethinking the manner in which Sex Amma offers advice and do away with the using of food as an indicator for certain body parts.
  2. Food and cuisine are extremely important aspects of our identity; we realize that using these as analogies can come across as distasteful, even though that was not our intent. Moving forward, the editorial team shall do away with using culturally significant descriptors and language, and work harder to make our content more inclusive and accessible.

We hope to ensure that Sex Amma is a column that provides a space for talks about sex and sexuality with no disrespect. Though these steps might be belated, we are fully committed to correcting our mistakes.

Sex Amma, ultimately, is a character created as a progressive, strong woman who is not afraid to talk about sexual health. Female sexuality is often frowned upon, but Amma is unabashed and here to help the students of DU without judgement or condescension. We will ensure that with the help of these steps, Sex Amma, as a column, goes back to what it was originally meant to be – a column to educate our readers about traditionally censored topics and experiences.

Shreya Juyal

Editor-in-Chief

[email protected]

We know everything is confusing, uncertain, and downright frustrating right now- and the university’s apathy towards the students giving examinations has further exacerbated the stress of the current times. But amidst this emotional rollercoaster, here’s an OBE rewind piece about some things you could do to ensure that the upcoming OBE exams are as stress-free as possible during these turbulent times. 

In the run-up to the examinations, make sure to take care of your mental health. Download your admit card and recheck all the details. Prepare only as much as you can, and as much as you need to. Take frequent breaks, stay hydrated and make sure to unwind after a long day of going through study material or preparing summaries. If there is anything that the previous OBEs have taught us, it is that they require a very specific kind of preparation, which does not always include memorizing the text or practicing writing answers, as we do in conventional examinations. Open book examinations lean more towards the technical knowledge and understanding of the text, including all the big ideas in the study material and going over past papers and guides to predict the patterns of question papers.

A student from Lady Shri Ram College for Women says, “We created small study groups and helped one another with summaries to understand and comprehend different parts of the course, and prepared these to easily refer during the exams. We worked together during these uncertain times and our trust and cooperation got us through our previous OBEs stress-free.”

Working together with friends or classmates is a good idea during these times, as OBEs do not require students to memorise the details, rather compile these together from different readings of a particular topic after internalising the basic concepts.

The night before the examinations, remember these examinations aren’t indicative of your academic prowess or merit and we are all going through difficult times. Prepare a top sheet with your name, roll number, college, paper code and course name to scan on top of the answer script and upload. This will prevent any added stress of having to write that on the day of the exam. Prepare either ruled or blank A4 sheets to write the examination  and try logging into the portal to ensure that the login details are all in place. Ensure that you have the contact details of the examination nodal officer for your college in case of any discrepancy.

During the examinations, it can get stressful. Paired with time management issues and the time-consuming process of scanning and uploading, many face extreme difficulties in uploading on time before the portal crashes, and sometimes even upload the wrong pdfs. An easy fix for this is to scan every answer after writing it, verify that all the pages are in order and label it according to the answer number so that it is easy to upload at the end, rather than leave all of them to be done in one go as it  adds to your stress and anxiety. The best app to scan answer scripts with is Adobe Scan, but other alternatives include Google Drive Scan and Office Lens, although they might be slower.

Another student from Hansraj College says, “I faced difficulties in compressing the files before time ran out and the portal crashed, after which I had to email my answers separately.” A good preemptive measure to make sure that compressing and uploading are easy during the examinations is to bookmark SmallPDF or PDFCompressor Applications to your laptop’s bookmarks bar for easy access to prevent confusion in the last few minutes of the OBE.

If the portal crashes, do not worry. A teacher from Daulat Ram College expresses, “I get panic-stricken messages when the portal crashes in the last hour of the OBE, with students asking for help and worrying that they will be given a zero because they were unable to upload. The portal gets overburdened by the sheer number of people trying to upload at the same time, but I tell them all not to worry, and that they must follow the required procedure for their answer scripts to be considered.” This procedure is twofold: continue uploading answers until the end of the 5th hour, which is the extra hour in case the portal crashes in the designated time, and if you are still unable to upload, take clear screenshots including the time stamp of the portal failure or network issues. As a last resort, email the examination officer of your college with all the answer pdfs attached, clearly mentioning name, roll number, paper code, the reason for not being able to upload and screenshot evidence for the technical failure. Your paper will be considered granted you have legitimate reasons for not being able to upload.

Finally, we are all in this together. These are unprecedented times and everyone is fighting their own battles. No one expects you to ace your Open book examinations or top the class during a global pandemic. Be kind to yourself. Good luck with your exams!

Read Also: 

Eerie Exams Enlightener: The Weirdness of OBEs

Delhi University: Freshers Guide to Online Examinations OBE

DU issues rules for OBE to be held from June 7

Featured Image Credits: India TV

Riddhi Mukherjee

[email protected]

If you’re looking for a quiz in subject-verb agreement, we have two for you here. The first set of questions is basic, covering simple and compound subjects with singular nouns or pronouns, and verbs that must agree, depending on whether they’re singular or plural. The second quiz covers compound subjects, complex sentences, and special nouns that take singular verbs. 15. Mathematics (is, are) John’s favorite subject, while Civics (is, are) Andrea’s favorite subject. We could hardly exist in a world without subjects and verbs living in harmony. None of our sentences would make sense. But, with a firm grasp on subject-verb agreement, students can go on to write a variety of different sentence types (link). 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This webinar discussed the recently released FIA-ISDA Cleared Derivatives Execution Agreement–a template that can be used by participants in the cleared swaps markets in negotiating execution-related agreements with counterparties to over-the-counter derivatives that are intended to be cleared. Leases that are longer than one-month convert to a month-to-month tenancy if the landlord allows the tenant to continue to stay in the rental unit after the lease termination date. Minimum Termination Notice ( 90.427) Ten (10) days notice for week-to-week tenants, thirty (30) days notice for month-to-month tenants. Find below a complete list of the many forms available to you (purchase from the ORHA website), from screening to move-out there’s a form for that. The Oregon month-to-month rental agreement is used to legally establish the agreement between a landlord and a tenant for a period of one month. The tenant pays a monthly fee in exchange for the use of the landlords property (oregon month to month rental agreement form).

On May 23, 1999, Owen Hart fell to his death in Kansas City, Missouri during the Over the Edge pay-per-view event in a stunt that went wrong. WWF broke kayfabe by having television commentator Jim Ross repeatedly tell those watching live on pay-per-view that what had just transpired was not a wrestling angle or storyline and that Hart was hurt badly, emphasizing the seriousness of the situation.[133] While several attempts to revive him were made, he died from his injuries. The cause of death was later revealed to be internal bleeding from blunt force trauma. The WWF management controversially chose to continue the event.[134] Later, Jim Ross announced the death of Hart to the home viewers during the pay-per-view, but not to the crowd in the arena.[135] While the show did go on, it has never been released commercially by WWF Home Video wrestling agreement. Q. Who can be a partner in a firm? A. Ordinarily, it is individuals who constitute partnerships. A lunatic can also be a partner through his guardian. Similarly, a minor can be admitted to the benefits of a partnership but he is not responsible for loss. Apart from the natural persons, a limited company can also enter into partnership not only with a natural person but also with another limited company. However, a firm cannot be a partner in another firm nor can be an Association of Persons (AOP). Q. Is it necessary to form a company or a partnership firm to start a new business? A. No, it is not necessary to form a company or a partnership to start new business. Business can be started as a sole proprietorship. Q. Is a written partnership agreement required for partnership? A. Yes. Many family run businesses consider it unnecessary to have a Partnership Agreement when they know and trust the people they are in partnership with so well. In fact, it is on these such occasions when it really is crucial that a Partnership Agreement is in place. The last thing a family wants is discord between family members caused by disagreements regarding work or money. A Partnership agreement can minimise the potential for conflict and the resentment and family problems it may create. Loan agreement form of how do so that day on the past advance nsfas loan online or not functioning optimally, that the online. After week after week to sign loan agreement form you. Copy of how to the past years and can sign loan agreement form for nsfas servicing team via the other material on sbux? Registered merchants form online signing option is very stylish and that the first one that have successfully signed the nsfas application form you. Changing contact details and funding for nsfas loan agreement form you are placed at your id and provide allowances for. Only kick in getting their 2016 loan agreement form online process. We do want to adhere to the laf and off facebook through sbux vouchers at nsfas form online signing a helping. 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Roommate agreements often contain a mediation clause, which requires roommates to seek some form of third-party mediation before taking any action. It’s a good idea to include such a clause. At the end of the day, the roommate’s action affects you, and vice versa. An agreement to mediate gives you more control over the dispute. The issues you include in a roommate agreement can range from major to minor. This form also helps people solve little problems before they become big problems. If you were to neglect using a contract with your roommates, you may face a few of the following: For example, lets say one roommate fails to pay rent. Under these laws, the other roommates must pay the missing money, or the law can get involved http://kzeniya.com/home/archives/10298. And, the transfer duty is 1.5% of the property value. Stamp duty charges also differ based on the nature of the property like residential or commercial and type of area like rural or urban. In todays world to purchase a house, we need to consider a lot of factors as the cost of the property, type of house, location, and many more. But, even if you found your dream home before shortlisting the property, there is also one crucial factor to consider, and that is stamp duty and land registration charges. Gratefully Telangana government has launched the IGRS Telangana portal to guarantee transparency and liability in land transactions (link). The agreement should also cover the description of the rental property under the lease. There may be several presents inside the rental property. At times, landlords do not really add descriptions when buyer who has already taken a look on the rental property, thinking there is no point of adding details. They should definitely add the details of the rental property under the lease agreement. Furthermore, the lease agreement should include descriptions about kitchen area, common area, bathroom, parking facility etc. The project is estimated to cost 1.1 lakh crore (US$15 billion),[39] including the cost of 24 trainsets, interest during construction and import duties.[40] JICA agreed to fund 81% of the total project cost 88,087 crore (US$12 billion), through a 50-year loan at an interest rate of 0.1% with a moratorium on repayments up to 15 years[41] and the remaining cost will be borne by the state governments of Maharashtra and Gujarat.[42][43] 20% of the components used on the corridor will be supplied by Japan, and manufactured in India.[44] JICA officials visited Mumbai in January 2014 to discuss the details of the project, and made selective site visits to the proposed route link. If your neighbour responds positively to the notice served and the work can commence with their permission, then you most likely wont need to hire a party wall surveyor. Before the party wall notice is posted, have a chat with your neighbours about it first. Something so official can sometimes seem intimidating and so its better to discuss the process with them beforehand. Planning permission is not required to serve a party wall notice and, because you will have up to a year to start work once the notice has been served, it is a good idea to do this as soon as possible in order to avoid delays agreement. The right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, of transporting, via the home State of the carrier, traffic moving between two other States. This means that an airline can carry passengers or cargo between two foreign countries, provided that the aircraft touches down in the airlines home country. The sixth freedom is not like the first five, as it is not incorporated as such into any widely recognized agreements amongst air services. The first freedom is the right to fly over a foreign country without landing.[6]:31 It grants the privilege to fly over the territory of a treaty country without landing more. The Trading Advisory Agreements, the Declaration and Agreement of Trust, the Escrow Agreement and this Agreement have each been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Managing Owner and on behalf of the Trust, and each constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Trust and the Managing Owner signatory thereto enforceable in accordance with its terms. . Suite 350 Houston, TX 77056 Re: AAA Energy Opportunities Fund LLC Sydling AAA Master Fund LLC Dear Mr. Annunziato: The Trading Advisory Agreements (the Agreements) among the above named funds, Sydling Futures Management LLC and AAA Capital Management Advisors, Ltd. Each Series and/or Trading Fund may be required to agree to exculpate and/or indemnify Trading Advisors and associated Persons pursuant to the terms of the applicable Trading Advisory Agreements, and the Sponsor is authorized to cause each Series and/or Trading Fund, respectively, to enter into such arrangements, even if such Trading Advisory Agreements provide greater liability protection (exculpation) and/or more comprehensive indemnification than that set forth in Sections 2.6 link. A major point of difference between centralized organization and decentralized organization is the direction in which the flow of information happens. Centralized organizational structures focus management authority and decision-making in a single executive team, with information flowing from top managers to various business units. Decentralized organizational structures, on the other hand, look more like multiple smaller representations of a single structure, featuring management redundancies and more close-knit chains of command. Understanding the difference between these two fundamentally different design philosophies can help you create an effective structure for your business. Once a company establishes its management levels, it must determine whether the business is set up as centralized or decentralizedopposite ends of a spectrum (http://www.threeriversweb.com/2021/04/08/briefly-explain-the-differences-between-centralised-and-decentralised-agreements/). If you dont have a real estate purchase agreement, you and the other party to the contract will not have a clear understanding of your rights, the possible risks, and any economic implications of those potential risks. Without an agreement, it will be much more difficult to negotiate the scope of each partys liability and enforce your legal rights. You may use a Real Estate Purchase Agreement for any type of residential property purchase or sale, as long as the home has either been previously owned, or construction will be finished prior to the closing date on the contract. What is Escrow? When you purchase a property, it is held by a third-party until the closing or possession date. It keeps the property, and any funds, from changing hands until all aspects of the agreement are met, such as home inspections, insurance information, and financing (here). The more important elements of the draft agreement are these:[21] The withdrawal agreement provides for a transition period until 31 December 2020, during which time the UK remains in the single market, in order to ensure frictionless trade until a long-term relationship is agreed. If no agreement is reached by this date, then the UK will leave the single market without a trade deal on 1 January 2021. Closely connected to the withdrawal agreement is a non-binding political declaration on the future EUUK relationship. On 15 November 2018, the day after the agreement was presented and received backing from the cabinet of the UK government, several members of the government resigned, including Dominic Raab, Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union.[28] This triggered Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, which sets out the procedure for a Member State to withdraw from the Union, beginning a two-year countdown to withdrawal entry into force of the withdrawal agreement.

The second surge has hit the Indian subcontinent; posing a dual challenge for the government, marked by mounting cases and a collapsing healthcare system. Amidst all this, the interests of the university students closely hangs on the thin thread of ignorance. Read to find out more.

The NCR (National Capital Region) has been transformed into a hellhole, the healthcare framework is being pushed to its breaking point, marked by acute shortages of Oxygen and medical resources while the death tolls are breaking records each day. In a situation like this when every household is being pushed into the grasp of the Pandemic, the plight of varsity students regarding the semester examinations is being pushed to a hotline of discussion.

Several student organizations have taken numerous positions on this argument about the examinations. On Saturday, 24th April 2021, All-India Student Association (AISA) of Delhi University wrote to the Vice-Chancellor, PC Joshi, demanding the cancellation of exams amidst the COVID-19 crises. Simultaneously, on Sunday, April 25, 2021, Student’s Federation of India (SFI), Delhi University, issued a release demanding immediate postponement of even semester examinations for all students of the university. The lines of demands were quite the same highlighting the status quo of students not being mentally prepared for the line of examinations, also highlighting the exclusionary nature of the online classes. After numerous appeals from the student masses and DUTA, the University of Delhi gave out its take on the exam contention, pushing the final-year examinations to 1st June.

But now the question comes to the nature of this decision. Was it just a mere action of pacification; is it useful in the current environment and what do the concerned parties say about this?

Since the beginning of the second surge of the COVID-19 pandemic, institutions such as DU  fail to postpone the university examinations . It poses a dual challenge  for them to effectively manage the pressure on its respective students in these tumultuous times. However, the postponement is not at all a clear solution for the stress-reduction or effective management.

Professor Satish Deshpande, last year wrote about the same overlapping nuances of exams and pandemic,

There is a logistically viable and ethically fair alternative that also meets the basic objective of avoiding uncertainty and delay in the award of degrees. This is to cancel the final semester exams while using the average of the marks obtained in previous semesters as a proxy for the final semester examination marks. The logistical advantages of this option are obvious – pandemic restrictions are automatically respected, and there is no need to worry about connectivity because prior examination results are already available. This is also a fairer option in every sense – it does not add to existing inequalities, and it is based on each student’s performance in earlier examinations held under normal conditions.

“Moreover, this prior performance will account for the bulk of the degree programs – for three out of four semesters (in most master’s degrees) and five out of six semesters (in most undergraduate degrees). This is likely to be true even when the final semester has a higher weight (because of more papers, or papers with higher marks) than the previous semesters. Finally, this method does not preclude the normal options that students have for re-taking examinations to improve their performance if they so wish,” added Deshpande in his article.

Regional disparities in internet access in India (Image Credits: Sanjit/CSE)

The student organizations across Delhi University have similar takes on this mosaic of examinations. Akhil, the conveyor of SFI DU talked to DU Beat regarding this boiling topic, stating, “We need to consider that examinations are not possible in a situation like this where our households are on economic and mental breaking points. Postponing is contingent as we need to consider the changing circumstances in play; plus, this hanging uncertainty due to the unclear notification on postponement brings a lot of anxiety in the psyche of the students. There should be clarity in the decision, but this hanging sword of postponing would be unfair.”

Another insight was added by Abhigyan, a student activist of AISA. While talking to DU Beat, he held, “This cancellation has taken place because of the mass mobilization of the student and teacher masses, summing up to be a tool of pacification, giving no real relief to the students. Even if you schedule the exams for let’s say June, certain things need to be considered here, several students would still be suffering at that time being referred to as collateral damage. Plus, the responsibility of the University needs to be questioned here, they haven’t provided any kind of reading material or anything to the students, without considering the online class divide but expecting them to know everything and appear for examinations.”

“AISA’s first demand is to cancel these OBEs, then pass the students and explore other alternatives so that the future of the students doesn’t tamper. Seeing continuous death tolls on your screen tears you up and then the University comes is expects you to appear for the OBEs, is rather inhumane in its very nature,” added Abhigyan.

The OBEs give a singular advantage that they allow conduction of examinations in a pandemic. But, it fails to consider technological and economical stagnation. Moreover, it also worsens the conditions inevitably for students with different backgrounds. Privilege may play a significant part in the OBEs,   but considering the mental  state  of the students, where every family is affected directly or indirectly by the second surge; the students are not in the stable  headspace  to appear for these examinations. In an online classroom mode, only the students with adequate technological resources and connectivity status can stably attend the lecture, the rest are excluded, and expected to adjust to the online exam model.

Stats of 2015, indicating the Digital Divide (Image Credits: The World Economic Forum)

However, cancelling the examinations without any alternative model puts the students into a more vicious situation rather than acting as a solution. For this DU Beat approached Siddharth Yadav, the state Secretary of ABVP. Yadav held, “Cancelling the examinations for final year students is not a very feasible option, last year the AVBP resented the idea of cancelling the examinations because of the problems that come with it like the degrees would show that the students passed due to the COVID-19 situation, which questions the credibility of the student in the long run. Any form of metric assessment such as the examinations should be present in the status quo for the benefit of the final year students. But when it comes to the time of such assessment, it needs to be closely monitored and the varsity needs to be flexible regarding this considering the changing situation. We are keeping an eye on the situation and shall make sure a student-friendly decision is taken.”

Considering the multiple stakeholders and the principle of inclusive education in these raucous times, the University should engage more on the well-being of the students by exploring other alternative means, rather than imposing a system of assessment that is legitimized with closed eyes. Thereby, transforming the privileges into merit.

 

Read Also:

 

Feature Image Credits: The New Indian Express

Nirmanyu Chouhan

[email protected] 

As patients are left gasping for air, what are the chinks in the medical oxygen supply chain that lead to this dire situation? This article takes a dive into the oxygen shortage the country is facing in the second wave of this deadly pandemic by exploring the logistical issues that exist in the system.

The Government of India recently claimed that “there was no shortage of medical oxygen in the country” during a hearing in the Supreme Court on issues related to COVID-19. This statement is in stark contrast with the on-ground reality.

Each day, news reports of hospitals running out of oxygen and patients dying because of it are coming out. As hospitals run dry and continue sending SOS messages to authorities, families of patients scramble to arrange oxygen. Social media platforms are cluttered with pleas and requests for different oxygen equipment like cylinders, cans, concentrators, and refilling facilities. The prices of oxygen equipment have increased dramatically, with people paying 3-5 times the normal prices. All of these are signs that give a clear indication- there is an acute shortage.

A closer look at the situation reveals that India’s oxygen scarcity is not a production problem but a faulty supply chain.

DEMAND-SUPPLY ANALYSIS

India’s demand for Liquid Medical Oxygen (LMO) has shot up since the pandemic. According to industry estimates, pre-COVID demand for LMO was about 700 tonnes per day (TPD). This increased four times to be 2800 TPD in the first wave of the pandemic. The requirement for the second wave has increased even more. India now needs 8000 TPD of medical oxygen according to the Union government’s submission to the courts.

To meet this growing demand, the government has taken initiatives to fast-track production.
On April 21, the Centre admitted to the Delhi High Court that India’s current production capacity of LMO was 7200 TPD, short of the 8000 TPD required. By the end of the month, it was reported that production had been ramped up to 9000 TPD. This was a result of increasing the capacity of existing LMO-producing industrial units. Moreover, the government has announced that 500 oxygen plants will be set up across the country over the next three months.

According to the government figures, it checks out that there is no shortage of LMO in the country. The per-day production is enough to meet the per-day requirements, at least for now.
Then why is there an oxygen shortage in the hospitals?

THE JOURNEY

The journey of medical oxygen from its production site to the patient’s bedside is long and complicated. Due to this multi-layered supply chain, hospitals continue to face shortages. (image credits: Abhishek Chauhan)

Even though the daily production of medical oxygen is enough to meet the growing demands, transporting this oxygen to the final consumer i.e. the patient, is causing a huge bottleneck in the system.

TROUBLESOME TRANSPORT

The supply chain of industrial gases- including liquid oxygen was not ready to be shifted for medical use. Before COVID-19 there was just a 20% medical requirement for liquid oxygen. Today, 90% of liquid oxygen production is being diverted for medical use.

India has a total of 1919 vehicles for the transportation of industrial gases. Out of these 1919, 516 are exclusively used for the transport of liquid oxygen. There is a dearth of tankers that can transport liquid oxygen from the production units to the distributors. It takes almost 12-14 days for these tankers to travel from the oxygen-producing states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha to the states affected the most by the second wave- Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Delhi.

In an attempt to speed up this process, India decided to transport tankers through railways and airlift empty tankers back to the production units. However, in the one week since the Ministry of Railways began transporting oxygen, it was able to ferry just over 450 metric tonnes of oxygen. All of it went to the states of Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi. To put the amount transported into perspective, Maharashtra alone needs 1550 TPD of medical oxygen for meeting its requirements. Delhi’s requirements are estimated to be 700 TPD. While the carrying capacity of one oxygen tanker is usually between 14-18 metric tonnes. This low capacity also contributes to the bottleneck in the supply chain.

The lack of tankers seriously diminishes the amount of medical oxygen reaching the hospitals. Inox Air Products, the largest producer of liquid oxygen is producing about 2000 TPD but ends up transporting only 20% of that. (image credits: Abhishek Chauhan)

As states and the Centre work to arrange more tankers, leading hospital chains- Apollo, Fortis and Max approached the courts in a bid to replenish their supplies. However, there is inequity in the distribution of LMO as the major share goes to these hospitals, while the smaller facilities operate on pleas.

CONCLUSION

While there might not be a shortage of oxygen in the country, there is a shortage in the hospitals of the country. The supply chain of liquid oxygen was unprepared for providing quick oxygen for medical use. As a result, people died, waiting for the most basic medical facility. The government showed a lack of preparedness. The centre had sanctioned the building of 162 oxygen plants in public health facilities back in 2020, only 33 of those are functional. With some foresight and preparedness, a lot of deaths could have been avoided.

For the readers- This second wave is difficult. All of us have lost someone or something that we hold dear to this pandemic. It’s important to take some time off to process and grieve. If you feel like writing to someone to express yourself, my email address is written below. I’ll try my best to reply and offer words of support. Take care and stay safe!

Read Also: COVID-19 Aid Resources, Helpline Numbers and Websites

Feature Image Credits- BBC

Abhishek Singh Chauhan
[email protected]

The second surge has hit the Indian subcontinent; posing a dual challenge for the government, marked by mounting cases and a collapsing healthcare system. Amidst all this, the interests of the university students closely hangs on the thin thread of ignorance. Read to find out more.

The NCR (National Capital Region) has been transformed into a hellhole, the healthcare framework is being pushed to its breaking point, marked by acute shortages of Oxygen and medical resources while the death tolls are breaking records each day. In a situation like this when every household is being pushed into the grasp of the Pandemic, the plight of varsity students regarding the semester examinations is being pushed to a hotline of discussion.

Several student organizations have taken numerous positions on this argument about the examinations. On Saturday, 24th April 2021, All-India Student Association (AISA) of Delhi University wrote to the Vice-Chancellor, PC Joshi, demanding the cancellation of exams amidst the COVID-19 crises. Simultaneously, on Sunday, April 25, 2021, Student’s Federation of India (SFI), Delhi University, issued a release demanding immediate postponement of even semester examinations for all students of the university. The lines of demands were quite the same highlighting the status quo of students not being mentally prepared for the line of examinations, also highlighting the exclusionary nature of the online classes. After numerous appeals from the student masses and DUTA, the University of Delhi gave out its take on the exam contention, pushing the final-year examinations to 1st June.

But now the question comes to the nature of this decision. Was it just a mere action of pacification; is it useful in the current environment and what do the concerned parties say about this?

Since the beginning of the second surge of the COVID-19 pandemic, institutions such as DU  fail to postpone the university examinations . It poses a dual challenge  for them to effectively manage the pressure on its respective students in these tumultuous times. However, the postponement is not at all a clear solution for the stress-reduction or effective management.

Professor Satish Deshpande, last year wrote about the same overlapping nuances of exams and pandemic,

There is a logistically viable and ethically fair alternative that also meets the basic objective of avoiding uncertainty and delay in the award of degrees. This is to cancel the final semester exams while using the average of the marks obtained in previous semesters as a proxy for the final semester examination marks. The logistical advantages of this option are obvious – pandemic restrictions are automatically respected, and there is no need to worry about connectivity because prior examination results are already available. This is also a fairer option in every sense – it does not add to existing inequalities, and it is based on each student’s performance in earlier examinations held under normal conditions.

“Moreover, this prior performance will account for the bulk of the degree programs – for three out of four semesters (in most master’s degrees) and five out of six semesters (in most undergraduate degrees). This is likely to be true even when the final semester has a higher weight (because of more papers, or papers with higher marks) than the previous semesters. Finally, this method does not preclude the normal options that students have for re-taking examinations to improve their performance if they so wish,” added Deshpande in his article.

Regional disparities in internet access in India (Image Credits: Sanjit/CSE)

The student organizations across Delhi University have similar takes on this mosaic of examinations. Akhil, the conveyor of SFI DU talked to DU Beat regarding this boiling topic, stating, “We need to consider that examinations are not possible in a situation like this where our households are on economic and mental breaking points. Postponing is contingent as we need to consider the changing circumstances in play; plus, this hanging uncertainty due to the unclear notification on postponement brings a lot of anxiety in the psyche of the students. There should be clarity in the decision, but this hanging sword of postponing would be unfair.”

Another insight was added by Abhigyan, a student activist of AISA. While talking to DU Beat, he held, “This cancellation has taken place because of the mass mobilization of the student and teacher masses, summing up to be a tool of pacification, giving no real relief to the students. Even if you schedule the exams for let’s say June, certain things need to be considered here, several students would still be suffering at that time being referred to as collateral damage. Plus, the responsibility of the University needs to be questioned here, they haven’t provided any kind of reading material or anything to the students, without considering the online class divide but expecting them to know everything and appear for examinations.”

“AISA’s first demand is to cancel these OBEs, then pass the students and explore other alternatives so that the future of the students doesn’t tamper. Seeing continuous death tolls on your screen tears you up and then the University comes is expects you to appear for the OBEs, is rather inhumane in its very nature,” added Abhigyan.

The OBEs give a singular advantage that they allow conduction of examinations in a pandemic. But, it fails to consider technological and economical stagnation. Moreover, it also worsens the conditions inevitably for students with different backgrounds. Privilege may play a significant part in the OBEs,   but considering the mental  state  of the students, where every family is affected directly or indirectly by the second surge; the students are not in the stable  headspace  to appear for these examinations. In an online classroom mode, only the students with adequate technological resources and connectivity status can stably attend the lecture, the rest are excluded, and expected to adjust to the online exam model.

Stats of 2015, indicating the Digital Divide (Image Credits: The World Economic Forum)

However, cancelling the examinations without any alternative model puts the students into a more vicious situation rather than acting as a solution. For this DU Beat approached Siddharth Yadav, the state Secretary of ABVP. Yadav held, “Cancelling the examinations for final year students is not a very feasible option, last year the AVBP resented the idea of cancelling the examinations because of the problems that come with it like the degrees would show that the students passed due to the COVID-19 situation, which questions the credibility of the student in the long run. Any form of metric assessment such as the examinations should be present in the status quo for the benefit of the final year students. But when it comes to the time of such assessment, it needs to be closely monitored and the varsity needs to be flexible regarding this considering the changing situation. We are keeping an eye on the situation and shall make sure a student-friendly decision is taken.”

Considering the multiple stakeholders and the principle of inclusive education in these raucous times, the University should engage more on the well-being of the students by exploring other alternative means, rather than imposing a system of assessment that is legitimized with closed eyes. Thereby, transforming the privileges into merit.

 

Read Also:

 

Feature Image Credits: The New Indian Express

Nirmanyu Chouhan

[email protected] 

This piece is an open letter to anyone suffering the loss of a loved one, and the author’s attempt to share your grief. 

If you are reading this, you have probably either lost someone very dear to you, or you are afraid you might, and you just want to feel prepared. I know you have a lot of questions, and full disclosure. And I honestly don’t have answers to perhaps even half of them, but I have a lot to say (or write), and I want to be there for you. Don’t worry, I am not going to walk you through your “5 stages of grief” because I don’t think the amount or way in which you grieve the loss of a loved one is linear or can be put into a formula. Everyone processes death in a different way, your loss is personal and you are entitled to choose your own journey towards healing from it.

Neither will I tell you to “get over it”, because how do you even get over the fact that you have for eternity, lost someone around whom was a huge chunk of your life premised. I am here to be your friend, to probably make some “unhealthy” choices with you, but most importantly to tell you that you don’t have to “leave it all behind” – the memories and experiences you shared with your human to “move on”, because you cannot erase the recollection of moments you spent with your loved one. The more you will try to run away, the more the grief will catch on. I believe that embracing the loss, love and memories together, and moving forward with them is a healthier, if not easier way around it.

My 2 cents on life and death

Universe is a gigantic chaos. On a principal level, we still don’t know how and why things happen the way they do. We wonder if everything that we ever experience is carefully crafted scheme of events by some higher power, or a bedlam of randomness that conjures itself up; whether butterfly effect is impacting every moment of people’s lives, or we are too trivial as nihilism suggests, to ever have a tangible impact on how things function. There are so many questions we have for the cosmic that have no answers, but we do know one thing: the cycle of life and death is inevitable.  

Amidst the absurdity of being born without consent and dying without it, we try to extend some sense to our otherwise meaningless lives, by filling it with people we can love. But life as we know it has only one constant, i.e., change. Different phases of our lives are marked by different sets of people that we grow to admire and surround ourselves with. The thrill and joy of making new friends and cultivating new relationships is perfectly balanced by the hurt associated with losing the ones you currently hold dear. Sometimes, you outgrow each other, sometimes you break each-others’ hearts, but the most devastating of all is the loss by death, because of how abrupt it is. All of a sudden, a human you hold so dear leaves you behind without any sense of closure, and you will never see them, hear from them or hug them ever again.

Death is a price you pay for living, and this is one tax you cannot evade. But is death so bad? If we really think about it, the beauty of doom hides in the fact that it makes us live a little extra each day. If life were eternal, we would never really appreciate it. We get to love our dear ones harder, every single day, because deep down we all know our life might end sooner than we anticipate, and we ourselves aren’t immune to death either.

How to deal with grief of death?

Grief is not a task but a process, a rollercoaster ride, if I put it in that way. While there isn’t a step-by-step guide on how to recover from the death of a loved one, here is a list of advices from a friend who wants to be there for you:

Accept death as the part and parcel of life: Easier said than done, accepting death as an inevitable end to every beautiful journey of life, with grace, makes the process of letting go and moving forward easy. Listen this, maybe this chaotic universe isn’t that meaningless after all, and anyone who comes has a purpose to fulfill, and once it’s done, they tip their hat and sign off. Sure, they won’t be around to witness the blossoms of seeds they’d sown, but they can still see it whenever they wish to, from up there.

Embrace how you feel: The void that comes with someone leaving is a haven of emotions that feel alien, but are very real, and the only way around, is to get comfortable with the uncomfortable. Dear one, in grief there is no such thing as a right or wrong feeling. It’s okay to be mad at them sometimes because they had plans, you had plans together and now it’s just you left behind. It’s okay to cry your eyes out when you miss them terribly without feeling the need to be strong. It’s also okay if you don’t feel sad but choose to cherish your time together and all of the things you have been through – good or bad. It’s okay if you choose to execute the plans you made together, alone in their honor. In grief, you can choose to celebrate their life and validate your hurt, however you want.

Coping with change: The most difficult thing about accepting death is the change that comes with it, because your life will never be the same again, without someone you had premised a huge chunk of your life on. It’s okay to struggle with that change, take time with it and let yourself get sunk in it for some time.

Let others be there for you: No, you’re not burdening your friends with your emotions if you need to talk/rant/sob about your pain. Reach out if that makes you comfortable. They would love to be there for you, they just don’t know how to. You can also reach out to people suffering the loss of same person as you do, share beautiful memories or anecdotes, and reminisce the beauty their life was.

Art as an outlet: Sketching/painting/Music/Dance/Cooking or literally anything you love losing yourself to, do it. Let yourself get soaked by your passion, even if you have to push yourself initially. Even psychotherapist Megan Divine in her book “It’s okay if you’re not okay” recommends pouring emotions into art while grieving. At the end, I know how hard it must be for you, or maybe I don’t and never would, but I hope my small attempt to share your pain and grief wasn’t a total waste.

With love and warm hugs

A friend trying to be there for you

Read also:

https://www.google.com/amp/s/dubeat.com/2020/08/to-all-the-friends-i-lost-on-my-way/%3famp 

Featured Image Credits: nickoch’s blog

Cherishi Maheshwari

[email protected]